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Thinking about getting pregnant at 39 or 40 can feel like you're racing a clock — even when you're doing everything right. Fertility does change with age, but that doesn’t mean it’s impossible to have a healthy pregnancy or a healthy baby in your late 30s or early 40s.
According to the American Society for Reproductive Medicine, by age 40, only 1 in 10 women will get pregnant per menstrual cycle — but many still conceive naturally within a year. If you’re trying to get pregnant or just exploring what’s next, this guide will help you understand the real differences, the risks, and how to take control of your health and fertility today.
How Does Advanced Maternal Age Affect Fertility and Pregnancy?
Getting older doesn’t mean giving up on pregnancy — but it does mean being more aware. If you're thinking about getting pregnant later in life, especially in your 40s, it's helpful to know how advanced maternal age can change things.
According to the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, fertility starts declining after 32, and drops more sharply after 37.
By 40, most women have fewer eggs, and the ones that remain are more likely to carry genetic disorders or chromosomal abnormalities.
Here’s how advanced maternal age may affect your experience:
- Fertility changes
- You may release fewer eggs each cycle
- Quality declines due to reproductive aging
- Some may consider donor eggs or assisted reproductive technologies
- Health risks
- Higher chance of high blood sugar and low birth weight
- Greater risk of birth defects and multiple pregnancy
- Pregnancy complications
- Higher rates of C-section and less likely vaginal delivery
- Possible prenatal testing like blood tests and screening tests
“Women over 40 are more likely to face complications like high blood pressure and gestational diabetes,” says the Mayo Clinic.
Planning with your healthcare provider and building a reproductive life plan can make a real difference.
Does Aging Affect Fertility More at 40 Than at 39?
It might seem like just one year — but for your body, that year can matter. Fertility decline isn't just about age, it's also about how your eggs respond to time. As you approach 40, certain changes in women’s health start to show more clearly.
Here’s what can shift between 39 and 40:
- Hormonal patterns
- Cycles may become less predictable
- Exogenous hormone use is more commonly explored
- Pregnancy timing
- There’s a narrower window for get pregnant naturally
- Delaying pregnancy even by a year may affect results
- Egg reserve
- You’re born with all the eggs you’ll ever have
- Aging may affect egg maturation, even in younger women
According to the American College, age 40 marks a sharper drop in natural fertility — making it a good time to discuss a reproductive life plan with your healthcare provider.
What Are the Chances of Having a Healthy Baby at 39 vs 40?
Let’s be real — this question is on every woman’s mind when considering pregnancy later in life. And while age does affect certain outcomes, it doesn’t mean you can’t have a healthy baby. The key is knowing what changes and what actions you can take.
According to the American College of Obstetricians, the risk of Down syndrome increases from 1 in 1,480 at age 20 to 1 in 85 by age 40. But it’s also true that many pregnant women over 39 go on to have healthy babies with the right care.
What Health Conditions Should You Be Aware Of?
Getting pregnant at 39 vs 40 comes with more decisions — and understanding your health is one of them. These conditions don't mean you can't have a healthy pregnancy. But knowing about them early helps you and your healthcare provider plan better.
1. High Blood Pressure
- More common in older women, especially during pregnancy
- Can increase the risk of premature birth or complications for baby’s health
- Managing it is key to better prenatal care
2. Diabetes and Gestational Diabetes
- Elevated blood sugar levels can lead to neonatal outcomes like low birth weight
- According to the CDC, these conditions are a major independent risk factor for birth complications
- Controlled diets and early screening tests can help manage risks
3. Thyroid Disorders
- Can affect hormone levels that regulate your cycle
- May require lifelong medication under medical supervision
- Often found during routine prenatal testing
4. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)
- Can interfere with ovulation and regular menstrual cycles
- Some women turn to in vitro fertilization or fertility treatments
- Discuss PCOS history with your healthcare provider
5. Obesity or Underweight Risks
- Weight issues can affect offspring outcomes and increase the risk of pregnancy complications
- Maintaining a healthy diet and healthy weight is key
- It's also a factor in your baby’s long-term health and development
6. Uterine or Ovarian Issues
- Conditions like fibroids or cysts may require monitoring
- A strong reproductive history helps your doctor tailor care
- May impact your chance of vaginal delivery
7. Autoimmune Conditions
- Can affect both mother and child if not treated early
- Medication plans should align with your reproductive life plan
- These conditions may also be considered in long life family study discussions
8. History of Miscarriage or Preterm Birth
- Past experiences shape current pregnancy planning
- Monitoring for child's risk and regular screening tests become more important
- Emotional support is just as crucial as physical care
9. Chromosomal Abnormalities
- Age raises the chance of issues like Down syndrome
- May require vitro fertilization with genetic testing for clarity
Tip: Bring up any family history or concerns during your first prenatal check. Planning with your healthcare provider helps reduce uncertainty and gives you more control.
How Can You Prepare for a Healthy Pregnancy?
Preparing for pregnancy at 39 or 40 means taking care of your health before you even conceive. The small steps you take now can make a big difference in your body’s readiness. Here’s how to get started — one step at a time.
1. Start Prenatal Vitamins Early
- Begin with a prenatal that includes folic acid — it helps prevent neural tube defects
- The CDC recommends 400 micrograms daily, even before pregnancy begins
- Talk to your doctor about additional nutrients you may need
2. Get a Full Health Checkup
- This includes blood pressure, thyroid, and blood sugar levels
- Ask about family history, especially if you're planning pregnancy during extended maternal age
- Early screening helps avoid last-minute surprises
3. Maintain a Healthy Weight
- Being underweight or overweight can affect ovulation and hormone balance
- It may also increase the chance of pregnancy-related complications
- Ask your provider what’s healthy for your body
4. Balance Your Diet for Fertility
- Focus on whole foods, leafy greens, and iron-rich meals
- Stay hydrated and limit processed foods
- It’s not about eating perfectly — it’s about eating mindfully
5. Limit Alcohol, Caffeine, and Smoking
- These can interfere with conception and early development
- Limit caffeine to 200mg per day (about one cup of coffee)
- Cut back slowly to avoid stress
6. Manage Stress and Sleep Well
- Chronic stress affects hormone levels linked to ovulation
- Aim for 7–9 hours of good sleep each night
- Mindful routines like yoga or journaling can help
7. Track Your Cycle and Ovulation
- Apps and ovulation kits can help identify your fertile window
- Keep a record of your menstrual cycle for 2–3 months
- If it’s irregular, ask your provider about next steps
8. Review Current Medications
- Some prescriptions aren’t safe during pregnancy
- Don’t stop meds on your own — speak to your doctor first
- Over-the-counter supplements count too
9. Exercise Safely and Consistently
- Moderate activity like walking or swimming is great
- Avoid high-impact workouts unless cleared by your provider
- The goal is to keep your body strong and your energy up
Preparing for pregnancy isn’t about perfection — it’s about being informed, honest with yourself, and supported by the right care.
Do You Need Genetic Testing or Diagnostic Tests?
Genetic testing isn’t mandatory — but for some, it can offer peace of mind. At 39 or 40, there’s an increased risk of chromosomal conditions like Down syndrome or trisomy 18. Knowing your options early helps you make choices that feel right for you.
Common types of tests to consider:
- Genetic screening tests
- Done through blood work or ultrasound
- Help assess risk levels, but don’t give a diagnosis
- Diagnostic tests
- Include procedures like amniocentesis or chorionic villus sampling (CVS)
- These provide more definite answers, but come with small risks
The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists recommends offering these tests to women of advanced maternal age. If you’re unsure, speak with your healthcare provider — they’ll help you weigh benefits and timing based on your specific situation.
Dr. Anshu Agarwal's Tips for Getting Pregnant Sooner
Dr. Anshu Agarwal is a trusted gynecologist and fertility expert with over 18 years of experience helping women conceive naturally. She’s known for guiding women in their late 30s and 40s through safe and healthy pregnancies.
Here are her key suggestions to help you get started now:
- Track your menstrual cycle
- Use an app or calendar to identify your fertile window
- Look for patterns over two to three months
- Have regular, well-timed sex
- Aim for every 2–3 days during your fertile window
- Don’t over-focus on exact ovulation — consistency matters
- Get a preconception checkup
- Your doctor can help spot any concerns early
- It’s also a great time to review any medications
- Take care of your mindset
- Stress affects hormones and ovulation
- Give yourself permission to pause and rest
You don’t need to do everything perfectly — just take it step by step. Small efforts now can bring you closer to pregnancy sooner than you think.
FAQs-
1. Is 39 too old to have a baby?
Not at all. Many women have healthy pregnancies at 39. It may take longer to conceive, but it's very much possible with the right care.
2. Is 39 years old a high-risk pregnancy?
Technically, pregnancies at 35 and older fall under “advanced maternal age,” which can carry more monitoring. But “high-risk” doesn't mean unsafe — it just means your doctor will keep a closer eye on things.
3. Can you have a healthy baby at 39 years old?
Yes, absolutely. With good prenatal care and lifestyle choices, having a healthy baby at 39 is very achievable.
4. Is 39 too old to have a first baby?
No — it might be later than average, but it’s not too late. Many first-time moms now are in their late 30s and early 40s.
5. Does pregnancy feel different in your 40s?
It can. You may feel more tired or take longer to recover — but many women say they also feel more emotionally prepared.
6. Does having a baby at 40 delay menopause?
Pregnancy doesn’t delay menopause, but your hormones do change during and after. Menopause still depends mostly on genetics and overall health.
Conclusion
Deciding to have a baby around 39 or 40 comes with questions, but also with possibilities. While age can bring a few extra steps, it doesn’t close the door. What matters most is understanding your body, planning ahead, and getting the right support. From lifestyle tweaks to medical guidance, there’s a lot you can do to feel confident and prepared.
No need to rush or feel behind — many women are on this journey with you. Trust your timeline, stay informed, and remember: your path to parenthood is still very much open. One thoughtful step at a time.
